You don't have to consider all data types. But at the same time, it's important to take into account those scenarios that could be missed in the tech specification and which may appear as a result of the system operation (for example, if data in tuples is formed dynamically after they are entered through some interface). As a rule, such scenarios are checked by QA.

dealing with a specific input datatype- integers only

Codes are written for a certain context with according tests.
If you want to take into account any possible weird input, the work is not the same!